Fig. 3

Zmynd11 deficiency inhibits morphological development of neurons. A Representative images of cultured cortical neurons at DIV 17. Primary neurons were isolated from the cortical tissues of E14 fetal brains. Scramble and shZmynd11 plasmids were transfected at DIV 14, and cells were collected for assay at DIV 17. Scale bar, 50 μm. B, C Quantification results showed that Zmynd11 KD significantly reduced the dendritic length (B) and the number of branch points (C) of cortical neurons compared to scramble group. n = 30 cells were analyzed for each group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, unpaired Student’s t test. D Sholl analysis results showed that Zmynd11 KD reduced the dendritic complexity of cortical neurons compared to scramble group. n = 30 cells were analyzed for each group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, unpaired Student’s t test. E Representative images of neurons cultured for 21 days in vitro. Scramble and shZmynd11 plasmids were transfected at DIV 18, and cells were collected for assays at DIV 21. Scale bar, 5 μm. F–J Quantification results showed that Zmynd11 KD reduced the spine density (F) and the proportion of mushroom spines (G), but increased the proportion of stubby (H), thin (I), filopodium (J) spines. n = 30 cells were analyzed for each group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001; unpaired Student’s t test