Fig. 4

Integration of cfDNA methylation with spinal cord gene expression in ALS [49]. (A) Venn diagram illustrating the overlap between cfDNA-derived DMR-associated genes and DEGs identified in three spinal cord segments of ALS patients. (B) Violin plots displaying the log2 fold-change (LFC) of DEGs with differential methylation in cfDNA from the spinal cords of ALS patients compared to controls. C-D. KEGG pathway analysis of overlapping genes in the cervical and lumbar spinal cord segments. E. Venn diagram displaying the overlap between DMR-associated genes and genes linked to disease duration in ALS. F. Detailed information on DMRs annotated to ARRB2 and CYBA, along with their gene expression statistics in the spinal cord