Fig. 3

The involvement of Golgi in ATG9 trafficking during autophagy. ATG9 vesicles are transported from the Golgi compartment to autophagosome formation sites (phagophore) via AP1 and/or AP4 complexes, which also deliver PI4KIIIβ. Furthermore, ULK1 phosphorylates ATG9, thereby facilitating ATG9 binding to AP1 complexes. The correct delivery of ATG9 vesicles to phagophore is also regulated by Arfaptin2, Bif-1, and the PI3KC3 complex. Abbreviations: ATG, autophagy-related; AP, adaptor protein; PI4KIIIβ, phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase-IIIβ; ULK1, UNC51-like kinase; Bif-1, BAX-interacting protein 1; PI3KC3, phosphoinositide 3-kinases catalytic subunit type 3